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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Opium replacement ： ウィキペディア英語版 Opium replacement Opium replacement or opium substitution refers to the process of substituting opium poppy cash crops with non-narcotic alternatives. == Concept == The concept of opium replacement was first developed within an agricultural framework, most notably in Thailand. Agricultural engineers sought to identify crops that would generate more income than the opium poppy. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, rural development projects caused the terms ''opium replacement'' and ''opium substitution'' to be superseded by ''integrated rural development''. In the 1990s, the term shifted to ''alternative development''. This term and its minor variants are still used in Latin America (where crop-replacement approaches are used for coca). The United Nations refers to these crop replacement projects as ''sustainable alternative livelihoods''; in Afghanistan, development agencies use the term ''sustainable livelihoods''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Opium replacement」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.